Rekonsiliasi Hadis Kekerasan dan Perdamaian dalam Perspektif Mukhtalif al-Hadis

Fitri Ramadani; Muhammadiyah Amin; Tasmin  Tangngareng

Authors

Fitri Ramadani Universitas Islam Negeri Alaudin Makassar, Indonesia
Muhammadiyah Amin Universitas Islam Negeri Alaudin Makassar, Indonesia
Tasmin Tangngareng Universitas Islam Negeri Alaudin Makassar, Indonesia

Keywords:

Mukhtalif Al-Hadith, Violence, Peace, Hadith Contextualization, Social Harmony

Abstract

This study examines hadiths concerning violence and peace that appear outwardly contradictory and formulates their reconciliation through the approach of mukhtalif al-hadith. The discussion focuses on the hadith commanding the fighting of people, the hadith defining a Muslim as one from whose tongue and hand others are safe, and the hadith encouraging mercy toward all creatures. This research employs a qualitative library-based method. Primary data are drawn from canonical hadith collections and hadith commentaries, while secondary data consist of relevant books, journal articles, and previous studies. Data are collected through tracing, selecting, classifying, and comparing narrations, then analyzed by considering textual wording, historical context, occasions of utterance, semantic scope, and scholarly explanations. The findings demonstrate that these hadiths do not contain a substantive contradiction. Narrations concerning fighting are contextual, defensive, and restricted to parties engaged in aggression, oppression, betrayal, or obstruction of religious freedom and preaching. In contrast, peace-oriented hadiths establish safety, compassion, protection of life and property, and social harmony as general principles of Islamic teaching. The apparent conflict is resolved through al-jam’ wa al-tawfīq by positioning violence-related hadiths as specific rulings limited by particular circumstances, while peace remains the primary ethical orientation. This study emphasizes the necessity of comprehensive and contextual hadith interpretation to prevent extremist readings and to strengthen discourses of moderation, justice, and peaceful coexistence in contemporary society.

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