Rekonstruksi Konseptual Ghadab dalam Hadis Nabi Saw. sebagai Pengelolaan Emosi

Abstract

This study reconstructs the concept of ghadab in Prophetic hadith as a framework for emotional regulation in contemporary digital society. It responds to the growing normalization of anger, verbal aggression, and collective hostility across social media, alongside reductive religious interpretations that treat anger solely as a prohibited emotion. Using qualitative library research and a thematic hadith approach, the study examines relevant narrations in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim through identification, classification, contextual interpretation, and conceptual synthesis. The findings show that ghadab in hadith forms a threefold spectrum: prohibited anger driven by ego and uncontrolled impulses, regulated anger restrained by reason and ethical awareness, and legitimate anger directed toward violations of justice, religious values, and public morality. Prophetic teachings therefore do not eliminate anger as a natural human emotion, but regulate its motives, intensity, expression, and consequences. The hadiths also provide practical strategies, including silence, changing bodily position, and performing ablution, which function as verbal, physiological, behavioral, and spiritual interventions. These strategies correspond with modern concepts of self-control and emotional regulation while retaining a distinctive prophetic ethical orientation. The study concludes that ghadab should be understood as moral energy requiring proportional management rather than total suppression. This reconstruction contributes an integrative model that bridges hadith studies and psychology, corrects literalist readings of la taghdab, and offers an applicable framework for preventing destructive anger, digital conflict, hate speech, and social polarization while preserving principled moral courage in defending truth and justice. It also strengthens emotionally mature, responsible, and compassionate communication among citizens.